There are three Chinese documents concerning trade and interaction with the English. With the documents are English abstracts and modern Chinese translations created in 2018.
Sans titreInvestigation on a court case that merchants sold opium at high sea in the nineteenth year of Jiaqing's reign (1814). The document is based on statements from Chinese merchants. This document, handwritten in Chinese, is on a single sheet of paper which… read more
Negotiations for the terminologies to be used between foreign traders and the Qing government. A document handwritten in Chinese outlining matters concerning use of language, official actions to be undertaken, use of sampans, use of local labour, escort… read more
Investigation into British warships entering Chinese internal waters which triggers an investigation of foreign business in the Canton area. The local government rules the pertinent issues are architectural forms of foreign shops plus the prohibition of… read more