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Edward Conze, was born Eberhard Julius Dietrich Conze, in London in 1904 while he father was a German Vice Consul. He studied in Tübingen, Heidelberg, Kiel, Cologne and Hamburg. In 1928 he published his dissertation, "Der Begriff der Metaphysik bei Franciscu Suarez", and was awarded a doctorate in philosophy from Cologne University. He continued post-graduate research in Germany but being a member of the Communist Party he fled to England when the Nazis came to power in 1933.
He continued to lecture on philosophy and psychology but also became interested in Buddhism. In the 1940s he moved to Oxford where he began to work on Sanskrit texts from the Prajñāpāramitā tradition and continued to work on Buddhist texts for the rest of his life.
In 1979, Conze self-published two volumes of memoirs entitled Memoirs of a Modern Gnostic. Conze produced a third volume which contained material considered to be too inflammatory or libellous to be published while the subjects were alive. No copy of the third volume is known to exist.