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Horace Geoffrey Quaritch Wales was born in 1900 and educated at Charterhouse and Queen's College Cambridge. In 1924 he entered the service of the Siamese government and from 1924-1928 acted as an adviser to King Rama VI and King Rama VII. This led to the publication of Siamese State Ceremonies (1931), and Ancient Siamese Government and Administration (1934), this volume being translated into Thai in the same year. He married and with his wife, Dorothy, began extensive travel particularly in south and southeast Asia. During 1934-6 he served as field-director for the Greater India Research Committee, directing archaeological work on early Buddhist sites in Thailand. From 1937-1940 he and his wife undertook surveys and excavations in Malaya, particularly in the Kedah region. He published The Making of Greater India (1951) and continued to publish books, articles and reviews throughout his career. He died in 1981.

Laurence Austine Waddell was born in Glasgow, where he was educated, obtaining a bachelor's degree in Medicine followed by a master's degree in both Surgery and Chemistry at Glasgow University in 1878. In 1879 he visited Ceylon and Burma which sparked his interest in Buddhism. In 1880 Waddell joined the British Indian Army and served as a medical officer with the Indian Medical Service. In 1881 he became a Professor of Chemistry and Pathology at the Medical College of Kolkata, India. While working in India, Waddell also studied Sanskrit and edited the Indian Medical Gazette. He became Assistant Sanitary Commissioner under the government of India.
Between 1885-1887 Waddell took part in the British expedition that annexed Upper Burma. After his return from Burma, Waddell was stationed in the Darjeeling district of India, and was appointed Principal Medical Officer in 1888.
Waddell travelled extensively through India in the 1890s including through Nepal, Sikkim, and the Tibetan border, researching Buddhist practices. He learnt Tibetan and made several secret visits there. He also collected Buddhist antiquities and was concerned with the quest to discover the birthplace of Buddha. He also continued his medical practice with the Indian Medical Service including serving in the Boxer Rebellion in China. He was in Malakand in 1902 and part of the Tibetan Mission to Lhasa in 1903-4.
He returned to England and was Professor of Tibetan at University College, London. from 1906-1908. In 1908, Waddell started to learn Sumerian and spent the later years of his life studying Near East culture and Indo-European language origins. He died in 1938.

Walter Melville Wace was educated at Worcester College, Oxford, before serving in the Bedfordshire Regiment in the First World War. He then became a manager of a rubber plantation in Johor, then part of British Malaya. During this time he compiled this English- Malayalam Vocabulary. He spent the last fourteen years of his life in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) and died in 1942. He is the author of Yolande of Johor (1929) and Wild Light (1932).

Petrus Voorhoeve was born in December 1899 in Vlissengen. In 1919 he became a student at the University of Leiden, first studying theology before switching to Indonesian languages continuing his studies to complete a PhD in Batak Folk Tales. In 1927 he was appointed government linguist at Balai Pushtaka, the Bureau of Popular Literature in Jakarta. He was granted leave in 1933 but on his return in 1934 he became a librarian at the Royal Batavia Society of Arts and Science. In 1937 he became linguist in the service of the Self-governing Districts of North Sumatra charged with creating a Simalungen dictionary. He was interned by the Japanese Army in 1942 and separated from his wife and children until after the War when, in 1946, they returned to the Netherlands. Voorhoeve then took up an appointment at the University Library in Leiden but returned to Indonesia in 1947 to complete his 20 years of service necessary for a full pension. He worked for the Institute of Linguistic and Cultural Research before returning to Leiden in 1949 to take up his position again of Curator. He catalogued many Malay manuscripts working at institutions around the world. He died in 1996.