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The Oriental Translation Fund was established in 1828 by a committee of the Royal Asiatic Society under the Chairmanship of Sir Gore Ouseley. Its purpose was to translate and publish such "interesting and valuable works on eastern History, Science, and Belles-Lettres as are still in MS... The object proposed is, to publish, free of expense to the authors, translations of the whole or parts of such works...generally to be accompanied by the original texts printed separately." King George IV became patron of the Fund. In its early years the fund was financed by subscriptions and the list of subscribers included: Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, the Prime Minister (Wellington), the Archbishop of Canterbury and one of the founders of the Royal Asiatic Society, Henry Colebrooke.

The Oriental Translation Committee who controlled the Fund was independent to the Society and an annual subsidy of 100 guineas was received from the East India Company. Various works were published throughout this period and these formed Series One of the publications (1828-1879). However, operations were suspended in 1860 due to a lack of funds and the Committee disposed of most of its stock.

The Royal Asiatic Society Council considered reviving the fund in 1888 due mainly to the efforts of the British Orientalist, Forster Fitzgerald Arbuthnot. He led the management of the Fund and donated finances. He was also supported by the former Viceroy of India, Lord Northbrook, and a prominent Sanskrit Scholar, E.T. Sturdy. This led to the Series Two publications. The Fund is still operational today.

Johannes Gerhard Frederik van Overmeer Fischer began as a clerk at Dejima, the Dutch station in Japan, and he was later promoted to warehouse master. During the span of his stay in Japan, Fischer's access to Japanese culture was limited but he amassed a considerable collection of objects. This material was taken back to the Netherlands in 1829. In 1833, he published Bijdrage tot de kennis van het Japansche rijk (Contribution to the knowledge of the Japanese Empire).

Thomas Pell Platt was born in London, attended school in Norfolk, before entering Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1815. He became a scholar there in 1818, graduating in 1820 and gaining his Masters in 1823. Whilst at Cambridge he became involved in with the British and Foreign Bible Society and for some years acted as its Librarian. In 1823 Platt published a catalogue of Ethiopian biblical manuscripts in the Royal Library of Paris and in the library of the British and Foreign Bible Society; and in succeeding years collated and edited for the Society, texts of the New Testament. In 1829 he prepared an edition of the Syriac Gospels, and in 1844 edited an Amharic version of the Bible.

He became a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society in 1825 and served on the Committee of the Oriental Translation Fund. He was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in London. He died at Dulwich Hill, Surrey, in 1852