The Royal Thai Survey Department was a Special Services Group of the Royal Thai Armed Forces tasked to conduct land and aerial surveys, geodesy and geophysics works in Thailand. It was officially established in 1885, in the reign of King Rama V. In the first period, it engaged in cadastral survey, which is the survey of specific land parcels to define ownership for land registration, and for equitable taxation.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was founded in 1739 and is an independent non-governmental organisation, whose overall objective is to promote the sciences and strengthen their influence in society. The Academy promotes science of the highest quality by fostering development and innovation in Swedish research. It enhances the status of science in society by drawing attention to key social issues, examining them in scientific terms and communicating the results, and joins in cooperation on global issues, with the aim of being an international scientific proponent of sustainable development.